In 1799, the same year he began practicing as an attorney, Taney was elected to the Maryland House of Delegates, where he served one term as a Federalist representing Calvert County. Another property owned by Taney, although he never lived there, is in Frederick, Maryland. Taney is best recognized for his ruling in Dred Scott v. Sanford in 1857, which held that African American slaves and their descendants were not citizens of the United States or protected by the Constitution. Husband of Ann Arnold Phoebe Charlton Taney In 1857 the Court heard Dred Scott v. Sandford, and its decision is considered to have been an indirect cause of the Civil War and the worst Supreme Court decision of all time. In a concurring opinion, Taney argued that the constitutional guarantee of slaveholders' rights to ownership and the prohibition in Article IV against preventing slaves' return to their masters in Southern states imposed a positive duty on states to enforce federal fugitive slave laws. He left a small life insurance policy and a bundle of worthless Virginia bonds. Taney's intemperate language only added to the fury of those who opposed the decision. When Roger Brooke Taney reached his teens, he was enrolled in Dickinson College in Pennsylvania, and graduated as valedictorian in 1795 at the age of 15. Modern legal scholars have tended to concur with Curtis that despite the Dred Scott decision, Taney was both an outstanding jurist and a competent judicial administrator. He was bought and sold and treated as an ordinary article of merchandise and traffic, whenever profit could be made by it. On August 15, 2017, Maryland Governor Larry Hogan proposed that the statue be removed. By the time he became Chief Justice, Taney had become a staunch supporter of slavery, even though he had manumitted eleven slaves he inherited as a young man and made anti-slavery statements when serving as defense attorney for an abolitionist preacher. The Court narrowly defined a bill of credit as a note issued by the state, on the faith of the state, and designed to circulate as money. The bridge paid for its construction and operating expenses, and turned a profit for its investors, by charging a toll. His legal actions, however, sometimes frustrated Lincoln. He was elected to the Maryland State Senate in 1816, serving until 1821—this time as a Democratic Republican, because the Federalist party had dissolved. His decision presented his version of the origins of the United States and the Constitution as the basis for his holding that Congress had no authority to restrict the spread of slavery into federal territories, and that previous attempts to restrict slavery's spread, such as the 1820 Missouri Compromise, were unconstitutional. ", Taney's own attitudes toward slavery were more complex. The framers of the Constitution, Taney wrote, believed that blacks "had no rights which the white man was bound to respect; and that the negro might justly and lawfully be reduced to slavery for his benefit. Attorney Advertising, US Supreme Court Halts Curbside Voting in Alabama, SCOTUS Rules Montana Funding Program Can’t Exclude Religious Schools, Investigatory Power of Congress Under McGrain v. Daugherty.

Current scholarship supports that second charge, as it appears that Buchanan put significant political pressure behind the scenes on Justice Robert Grier to obtain at least one vote from a justice from outside the South to support the Court's sweeping decision. In 1835 President Jackson nominated Roger Brooke Taney as the fifth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. On August 14, 2017, the Baltimore City Council voted to remove the city's Confederate monuments as well as a statue of Taney; the statues were hauled away in the early hours of August 16. Office of the Curator

He received a rudimentary education from a series of private tutors. As U.S. Attorney General (1831–1833) and then Secretary of the Treasury (1833–1834), he became one of Andrew Jackson's closest advisers. Taney's attitudes toward slavery appeared to harden in support of the institution. This was the first of several of the Chief Justice's decisions that built up the police power of the state. The decision provides the distinction between political questions and justiciable ones. By the time he wrote his Dred Scott opinion in 1857, he labeled the opposition to slavery as "northern aggression", a popular phrase among pro-slavery Southerners. . "[9] If all such charters carried with them exclusive rights, government would significantly curtail its power to govern—to promote the public interest. This case laid the first real foundation for the police power of the states. It held that the Constitutional prohibition against state laws that would emancipate any "person held to service or labor in [another] state" barred Pennsylvania from punishing a Maryland man who had seized a former slave and her child, and had taken them back to Maryland without seeking an order from the Pennsylvania courts permitting the abduction. A year after returning to Baltimore, President Jackson nominated Taney to be an associate justice on the Supreme Court, however, he would be rejected by the senate due to fears of his radical views. Of course, the Constitution of the United States and every principle of Liberty was falsified, but historical truth was falsified also.
Jacksonian populists believed the bank was run for the benefit of wealthy coastal elites and acted detrimentally to the interests of poorer western and southern farmers.
See the article in its original context from October 14, 1864, Page 4 Buy Reprints. Prior results do not guarantee a similar outcome. The Charles River Bridge was opened in 1786 and it replaced a Harvard-operated ferry service between Boston and Charlestown. A few months later Taney wrote "about peaceful, bygone days ... walks in the fresh country air. Following his study of law under Judge J. T. Chase in Annapolis, Mr. Taney was admitted to the bar in 1799. In Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842), the Taney Court agreed to hear a case regarding slavery, slaves, slave owners, and states' rights. As Attorney General (1831–1833) and then Secretary of the Treasury (1833–1834), and as a prominent member of the Kitchen Cabinet, Taney became one of Jackson's closest advisers, assisting Jackson in his populist crusade against the powerful Bank of the United States. You have not forgotten that terrible decision where a most unrighteous judgment was sustained by a falsification of history. Lincoln ignored the court's order and continued to have arrests made without the privilege of the writ. The opinion given by the majority, which Taney was a part of, fit neatly into the Jacksonian economic plan by holding that the notes of the Bank of Kentucky were not bills of credit prohibited by the Constitution, even though the state owned the banks and the notes circulated by state law as legal. "The object and end of all government is to promote happiness and prosperity of the community by which it is establish, and it can never be assumed that the government intended to diminish its power of accomplishing the end for which it was created. The Court showed that they could rise above politics and make the decision that it needed to make. He is most remembered for delivering the majority opinion in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), that ruled, among other things, that African Americans, being considered "of an inferior order and altogether unfit to associate with the white race" at the time the Constitution was drafted, could not be considered citizens of the United States. In 1823 at the age of forty-six, the Taney family moved to Baltimore, and Mr. Taney opened a law office in that city. But those of us who know how the lustre of his great Chief Justiceship came to be eclipsed by Dred Scott cannot help believing that he had that case—its already apparent consequences for the Court, and its soon to be played out consequences for the Nation—burning on his mind. The opinion struck a balance between the need for change in the face of technological innovation and the importance of stability to encourage investments. Roger B. Taney

As a young boy, Taney attended school in a log cabin close to his home, and then was enrolled in a grammar school about ten miles distant. He was also a director of the Frederick County Bank from 1818 to 1823, when he returned to private practice.

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