“In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.”. Recognizes that we have rights that are not listed in the Constitution. This right applies only to federal courts, however. Gila_Brook. It guarantees civil rights and liberties to the individual—like freedom of … Test. Unit 1 - What is Science? The Ninth Amendment acknowledges that neither the Constitution or the Bill of Rights covers every fundamental right a person holds. It requires that a detailed search warrant be issued by a judge only when the police can show good cause for the search. The Second Amendment makes clear that a “well-regulated militia” is necessary to securing a state of freedom from government oppression, and protects the people’s right to keep and bear arms. In fact, the laws of many states allow a jury trial if the amount of damages sought is above a certain specified amount. Bill of Rights. Education, marriage, divorce laws and minimum age to drive are examples of this amendment. In order to understand the Bill of Rights, the adult learner needs to apply constitutional concepts to real-life situations. Discussions took only a few months, and on September 25, 1789, Congress approved 12 amendments to the Constitution. In modern times, this has become a subject hotly debated as to whether this is a blanket guarantee, or whether there exist circumstances in which some people should not be allowed to own or handle firearms. Guarantees rights in civil cases, which are disputes between citizens. Sonja purchased a gold chain at a local jewelry store, paying $129 plus tax. Guarantees the right to a speedy and fair jury trial. Still, it implies that every individual has a right to privacy, and protection against government intrusion into their homes. The man settled with the pool’s owner, but fear of “copycat” lawsuits led to the pool’s closure. Other quizlets will help you study the meaning of each amendment. While the members of Congress rejected that idea, they were open to adding such rights in a supplemental document. It also guarantees that any person accused of a crime is assumed to be innocent until proven guilty. They even addressed questions about, and criticisms of, the Constitution in an understandable manner. Sonja’s lawsuit is filed in the state court, however, which does not provide an option for jury trial for matters whose value is under $10,000. Madison proposed the inserting of language guaranteeing certain specific rights, and limiting the power of the federal government, into the Constitution.

“The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”. Lynn refused to testify at her criminal trial. The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution are known as the “Bill of Rights.” To explore this concept, consider the following Bill of Rights definition. This amendment does not give new powers to the states, but specifically safeguards their authority over all matters that are not specifically granted to the federal government. 10 terms. The police suspect that a student at Emily’s high school is selling drugs. This goes on to require that law enforcement officials provide evidence sufficient to convict the individual, as the accused cannot be made to provide it. The Bill of Rights in Real Life Pre-Program Activity: Rights and Limitations THE BILL OF RIGHTS IS THE FIRST TEN AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION. Although the Bill of Rights was held to be highly important to protect the civil liberties of the people, the people themselves remained largely unaffected by, or unaware of, those rights for nearly 150 years after the amendments’ ratification. It also prohibits unreasonably high fines, and outlaws cruel and unusual punishment in sentencing. Another of those amendments, one that kept Congress from making any increase to their own salaries, specifying that any such change could not go into effect until the start of the next term, was not ratified until May 7, 1992 – two hundred years later. Several of these men wrote a series of articles for a newspaper called “The Federalist.” The articles explained how the Constitution would work, and how it would be beneficial to the people. The Third Amendment restricted the quartering, or housing, of soldiers in the homes of private citizens. This is dependent on the circumstances, however, such as the violent nature of the crime, and whether or not the individual is likely to flee. Spell. Star Athletica, L.L.C. Today it is not uncommon for a municipality (a city, county, state, or other government entity) to take land for the purpose of building something that is needed for the common good of the people. Constitution that guarantees the rights enumerated in the Constitution cannot be interpreted as denying or jeopardizing other rights of the people )���;)R��(#e�˻w8&�*�.���N# ux��(��H�;��R���sV�T�;t��m��w�^V�{. Learn. The Seventh Amendment states that any matter in which the value of the item in dispute exceeds $20 is subject to the right of trial by jury. Write. Others, however, felt it gave too much power to the federal government, and that it could possibly swallow up the individual states. Unfortunately, in recent decades, these privileges have been greatly abused, with people bringing silly and frivolous matters to be decided by the courts, or worse – by a jury. The Bill of Rights in Real Life Pre-Program Activity: Rights and Limitations THE BILL OF RIGHTS IS THE FIRST TEN AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION. She was angry, however, and demanded the full amount she had paid for the chain, plus an additional amount so that she could replace the chain with a new one. “The Bill of Rights” is the name used to refer to the first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

Supporters of the Constitution, known as “Federalists,” began lobbying for its approval, going to great lengths to explain the benefits of the document. Each of the 10 amendments guarantees some essential right that should be afforded to all people, or places specific limitations on the powers of the federal government.

“The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.”. Education, marriage, divorce laws and minimum age to drive are examples of this amendment. “No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.”. Right to Bear Arms. It also specifies that any person accused of a crime has a right to a lawyer. In state court, which is the venue for the fast majority of civil lawsuits, a jury trial is not guaranteed. ... belong to the states or the people.

)��B Most people praised the Constitution as a binding document that laid out the rules and limitations of the new government. Shortly after the Constitution was ratified, congressional Representative James Madison, a Federalist, proposed a series of amendments to the Constitution, 39 in all, designed to address the concerns of the Antifederalists. The freedoms and rights granted by the Bill of Rights are intended to ensure all people have access to due process, and to the court system.

“The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.”. The final section addresses what is known as “eminent domain.” It specifies that the government cannot take a person’s property for public use, without just compensation. The store management refused, but offered to give her full store credit. It specifies that every defendant has a right to face his accusers, to question witnesses, and to testify if he desires.

It also protects someone from testifying against himself or herself under oath. Other people were opposed to the Constitution, fearing that it gave too much power to a centralized government, which could overpower and suppress the individual states. We don't have to let the military troops stay in our homes and eat our food. However, the Fifth Amendment requires that those people be compensated a fair amount for their property. Recognizes that we have rights that are not listed in the Constitution. In this example of Bill of Rights protections, no matter how angry Sonja is, her lawsuit will be heard by a judge at a bench trial.

The New York Times writes a story about a scandal involving the governor of NY. 10 terms. Specifically, the Antifederalists, including such people as Sam Adams, George Mason, Patrick Henry, and George Clinton, felt the document lacked a “bill of rights,” listing specific freedoms or rights that cannot be taken away by the government.

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