24 0 obj <> endobj )�.w)|z�X�~K��r�.K��@IAR���耩g6K�;@f'��@ZdXĉ��Q�#A�!��l�C1��Ɇ,�J��LK��p(2�f�.v��gar`os����g�����8�L��.�\�z���o��� %$�20�c9�}����\�6= 2��\�J]0 > endobj 26 0 obj<> endobj 27 0 obj<>/Encoding<>>>>> endobj 28 0 obj<> endobj 29 0 obj<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 30 0 obj<> endobj 31 0 obj<> endobj 32 0 obj<> endobj 33 0 obj[/Separation/PANTONE#20201#20CVU/DeviceCMYK 59 0 R] endobj 34 0 obj<> endobj 35 0 obj<> endobj 36 0 obj<>stream 0000016506 00000 n It will also depend on how severe the condition is. Here are the most common causes of treatable hydrocephalus: A blockage in the head prevents CSF from draining.

0000039583 00000 n %%EOF Hydrocephalus is diagnosed through clinical neurological evaluation and by using cranial imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or pressure-monitoring techniques. Symptoms of hydrocephalus vary with age, disease progression, and individual differences in tolerance to CSF. In this procedure, a small hole is made in the floor of the third ventricle, allowing the CSF to bypass the obstruction and flow toward the site of resorption around the surface of the brain. <]>> How is Hydrocephalus Managed & Treated During Pregnancy? Hydrocephalus can affect brain development.

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The goal of treatment is to reduce the pressure inside your baby's head. Children with hydrocephalus are more likely to have various developmental disabilities. For example, hydrocephalus ex-vacuo occurs when there is damage to the brain caused by stroke or traumatic injury. {X�,\ʿ [���7�L���3a�"�yh�v�h>/pVk�DgT�\rfi\� �� qNK4���:���,X. Some CSF is drawn out with this needle. 0000017668 00000 n Treatment by an interdisciplinary team of medical professionals, rehabilitation specialists, and educational experts is critical to a positive outcome.

If left untreated, progressive hydrocephalus is fatal, with rare exceptions.

If they’re serious, your doctor probably will recommend surgery to put a flexible plastic tube called a … Hydrocephalus (“hydro” ¼ water, “cephalus” ¼ head) is excessive buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the skull. 0000039294 00000 n During pregnancy, hydrocephalus is usually managed with observation. The baby stays in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during treatment. If your symptoms are mild, you may not need treatment. The head may swell as fluid and pressure build. If hydrocephalus is not treated, the increase in pressure will cause brain damage. 0000031376 00000 n %PDF-1.6 %���� Treatments for congenital and acquired hydrocephalus Both types of hydrocephalus require urgent treatment to reduce the pressure on the brain; otherwise, there … Treatment by an interdisciplinary team of medical professionals, rehabilitation specialists, and educational experts is critical for a positive outcome. Normally, the fluid drains out of the brain through the ventricles and into the spinal column. 0000001236 00000 n The excessive accumulation of CSF results in an abnormal dilation of the spaces in the brain called ventricles. This same ETV procedure with the addition of choroid plexus cauterization is available for infants. A healthcare provider can then draw fluid out of the ventricle with a needle. 24 47

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0000028204 00000 n 0000003727 00000 n This may be done as a temporary solution while waiting for the blockage to go away. It may result from a subarachnoid hemorrhage, head trauma, infection, tumor, or complications of surgery, although many people develop normal pressure hydrocephalus without an obvious cause. Hydrocephalus is a condition in which an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) occurs within the brain. Babies who are born with hydrocephalus (congenital) and children or adults who develop it (acquired hydrocephalus) usually need prompt treatment to reduce the pressure on their brain. If hydrocephalus is not treated, the increase in pressure will cause brain damage. The shunt draws fluid off the brain.

The shunt is a long tube, like a catheter, made from silicone. This can be done by draining the fluid. Common treatments are described on this sheet. The CSF is a normally clear fluid that carries impor-tant chemicals to the brain, removes wastes, and helps cush-ion the brain. Hydrocephalus (excess fluid in the brain) is treated with surgery. Your healthcare provider may prescribe medicine to slow down the flow of CSF temporarily, until the blockage is gone. The shunt treatment procedure uses two components – shunt and valve. Hydrocephalus is usually treated with surgery, after the baby is born. 0000028909 00000 n 0000015616 00000 n Ventricles (chambers) inside the brain make the fluid. Acquired hydrocephalus develops at the time of birth or at some point afterward and can affect individuals of all ages. If this works, your baby may not need other treatment.

0000006083 00000 n 0000010103 00000 n Your healthcare provider inserts a small needle into your baby's back, into the fluid-filled space surrounding the spinal cord. In some instances of normal pressure hydrocephalus, dementia can be reversed by shunt placement. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. Saint Luke’s Concierge: 816-932-5100, Treatment for Hydrocephalus in the Newborn.

Some patients show a dramatic improvement with treatment, while others do not. Although hydrocephalus was once known as "water on the brain," the "water" is actually cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) -- a clear fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

0000006901 00000 n They’re permanent, but will need to be replaced as the baby grows. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. The prognosis for patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus is difficult to predict, although there is some correlation between the specific cause of hydrocephalus and the patient's outcome. Cleveland Clinic Children's is dedicated to the medical, surgical and rehabilitative care of infants, children and adolescents. If CSF backs up into the brain, the problem is called hydrocephalus. 0000004712 00000 n What is hydrocephalus?

The body makes too much CSF.

Treating hydrocephalus with medicine Meanwhile, your doctor will continue to monitor your pregnancy and discuss your treatment options with you. Your baby will be evaluated after birth for the need of a shunt. Your answers to the doctor's questions about signs and symptoms 2. If your baby needs further treatment, your healthcare provider may do one of the procedures described below. 0000009397 00000 n In older children and adults, symptoms may include headache followed by vomiting, nausea, papilledema (swelling of the optic disk, which is part of the optic nerve), downward deviation of the eyes (called "sunsetting"), problems with balance, poor coordination, gait disturbance, urinary incontinence, slowing or loss of development (in children), lethargy, drowsiness, irritability, or other changes in personality or cognition, including memory loss. Left untreated, progressive hydrocephalus may be fatal. Treatment will be necessary if the ventricles continue to expand and the head circumference grows too fast. 0000041789 00000 n trailer A spinal tap may be done if the opening between your baby's ventricle and spinal cord is partially blocked. 0000007339 00000 n The tube is connected to a catheter (thin, flexible tube) that is tunneled through the body to the stomach. Talk to your healthcare provider about how your baby is likely to progress. Normal pressure hydrocephalus occurs most often among the elderly. A second treatment option for hydrocephalus is a surgical procedure called endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). Reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional. The healthcare provider places a device similar to a rubber stopper into your baby's skull. 0000001899 00000 n Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Hydrocephalus may be congenital or acquired. The prognosis for patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus is difficult to predict, although there is some correlation between the specific cause of hydrocephalus and the patient's outcome. 0000001558 00000 n In some cases, a healthcare provider drains the fluid and protects the brain. 0000012813 00000 n 0000007582 00000 n 0000003479 00000 n

If a shunt is deemed necessary, your baby will need surgery.

The parents of children with hydrocephalus should be aware that hydrocephalus poses risks to both cognitive and physical development. There are no non-invasive treatments for hydrocephalus, whether it be for older adults or for babies.

Key points about hydrocephalus.

0000007829 00000 n 0000008312 00000 n In infancy, the most obvious indication of hydrocephalus is often the rapid increase in head circumference or an unusually large head size. This allows access to the ventricle. Damage may range from mild to severe, depending on prompt diagnosis, the underlying cause, and treatment success. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. startxref This dilation causes potentially harmful pressure on the tissues of the brain. The pressure can damage brain tissue. Congenital hydrocephalus is present at birth and may be caused by genetic abnormalities or developmental disorders such as spina bifida and encephalocele. At this time, there is no fetal treatment for this disorder. 0000002289 00000 n 0000014295 00000 n The body has problems absorbing CSF.

Policy, Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. 0000019400 00000 n 0000003803 00000 n 0000005901 00000 n The buildup causes the ventricles to swell and puts pressure on other parts of the brain. The blockage is often due to an intraventricular hemorrhage.

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0000008380 00000 n A baby with hydrocephalus has extra cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) around the brain. A ventricular peritoneal (VP) shunt is a tube that your healthcare provider places inside your baby's brain. A general physical 3. 0000013773 00000 n An opening of the tube is placed … Treatment for a Baby with Hydrocephalus. A diagnosis of hydrocephalus is usually based on: 1. The pressure within the skull needs to be released, so the procedure is sure to be invasive major surgery. 0000001713 00000 n Prognosis is further complicated by the presence of associated disorders, the timeliness of diagnosis, and the success of treatment. A neurological exam 4. The baby stays in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during treatment. Hydrocephalus is most often treated with the surgical placement of a shunt system. A surgeon will place a flexible plastic tube in the baby’s brain to drain the extra fluid. Here are the most common causes of treatable hydrocephalus: A blockage in the head prevents CSF from draining.

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