Again the monster shows an innocent belief in man, this time that the young will be less prejudiced than the old. In the academic year 1909–10 he was an assistant in philosophy at Harvard. American-English poet, playwright, and literary critic. (including. He was probably the most erudite poet of his time in the English language. Hulme, lasted through his life. All the monster wants is a family, a community. -Graham S. The monster revenges itself on Justine (framing her for William's murder) because to the monster, she symbolizes the society it can never have. Eliot exercised a strong influence on Anglo-American culture from the 1920s until late in the century. Bradley.” But World War I had intervened, and he never returned to Harvard to take the final oral examination for the Ph.D. degree. Another example of humanity's tendency toward prejudice, which only increases the monster's desire for revenge. He spent the year 1910–11 in France at the Sorbonne and then returned to Harvard.

From the appearance of Eliot’s first volume, Prufrock and Other Observations, in 1917, one may conveniently date the maturity of the 20th-century poetic revolution.

In 1919 he published Poems, which contained the poem “Gerontion,” a meditative interior monologue in blank verse; nothing like this poem had appeared in English. Eliot’s criticism and poetry are so interwoven that it is difficult to discuss them separately. Notes for MA in English Literature, IDOL Mumbai University. Ash Wednesday expresses the pangs and the strain involved in the acceptance of religious belief and religious discipline. The monster's faith in old De Lacey shows its last gasp of innocence, saving it from the rage born of rejection. Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. The Waste Land showed him to be, in addition, a metrist of great virtuosity, capable of astonishing modulations ranging from the sublime to the conversational.

T.S. http://literarism.blogspot.com/2011/03/touchstone-method-arnold.html, Terry Eagleton’s Marxist Literary Criticism: https://www.marxists.org/history/etol/writers/birchall/1982/xx/eagleton.html, Paper VI – Literature from Romantic to Victorian Age, Mrs. Dalloway: https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/dalloway/, Burnt Norton: https://www.sparknotes.com/poetry/eliot/section7/, Paper VII – Anglo-Irish Literature in the 19th Century, Murder in the Cathedral: Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts.

Eliot was to pursue four careers: editor, dramatist, literary critic, and philosophical poet.

He sought a poetic diction that might be spoken by an educated person, being “neither pedantic nor vulgar.”.

from Harvard in 1909. With the publication in 1922 of his poem The Waste Land, Eliot won an international reputation. This scholarly supplement distracted some readers and critics from perceiving the true originality of the poem, which lay rather in its rendering of the universal human predicament of man desiring salvation, and in its manipulation of language, than in its range of literary references. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." The publication of Four Quartets led to his recognition as the greatest living English poet and man of letters, and in 1948 he was awarded both the Order of Merit and the Nobel Prize for Literature. https://www.britannica.com/biography/T-S-Eliot, Poetry Foundation - Biography of T. S. Eliot, The Nobel Prize - Biography of T.S. Also in The Sacred Wood, “Hamlet and His Problems” sets forth Eliot’s theory of the objective correlative: The only way of expressing emotion in the form of art is by finding an “objective correlative”; in other words, a set of objects, a situation, a chain of events which shall be the formula for that particular emotion; such that, when the external facts, which must terminate in sensory experience, are given, the emotion is immediately evoked. Line-by-line modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Instant downloads of all 1373 LitChart PDFs Eliot reading the first three stanzas of his poem “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,” 1915. Eliot’s study of the poetry of Dante, of the English writers John Webster and John Donne, and of the French Symbolist Jules Laforgue helped him to find his own style. These are a few online sources that can help you make your own notes: Paper V – Literary Theory and Criticism Aristotle’s Poetics: Victor Shklovsky’s Art as a Technique: Frantz Fanon: Wordswo… This change seems to him to consist in a loss of the union of thought and feeling.

Eliot, in full Thomas Stearns Eliot, (born September 26, 1888, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.—died January 4, 1965, London, England), American-English poet, playwright, literary critic, and editor, a leader of the Modernist movement in poetry in such works as The Waste Land (1922) and Four Quartets (1943). Modernist writer T.S. https://www.sparknotes.com/philosophy/aristotle/section11/, https://www.bachelorandmaster.com/criticaltheories/art-as-technique.html#.XBCilC-B2fU, http://www.postcolonialweb.org/poldiscourse/fanon/fanon3.html, http://www.supersummary.com/preface-to-lyrical-ballads/summary/, https://englishsummary.com/preface-lyrical-ballads-wordworth/, http://literarism.blogspot.com/2011/03/touchstone-method-arnold.html, https://www.marxists.org/history/etol/writers/birchall/1982/xx/eagleton.html, https://www.sparknotes.com/poetry/eliot/section7/, https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.260927/page/n87, https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.86641/2015.86641.Murder-In-The-Cathedral_djvu.txt, https://www.litcharts.com/lit/murder-in-the-cathedral, Follow MA English Literature Self Study on WordPress.com.

By 1916 he had finished a dissertation, but he never took the final oral examination for the Ph.D. degree. It is made up of four vignettes, each seemingly from the perspective of a different speaker. Suggestions Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. The Waste Land consists of five sections and proceeds on a principle of “rhetorical discontinuity” that reflects the fragmented experience of the 20th-century sensibility of the great modern cities of the West. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? The Waste Land is not Eliot’s greatest poem, though it is his most famous. The great essay on Dante appeared two years after Eliot was confirmed in the Church of England (1927); in that year he also became a British subject. Eliot - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Our latest podcast episode features popular TED speaker Mara Mintzer. T.S. His first important publication, and the first masterpiece of Modernism in English, was “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” (1915): Although Pound had printed privately a small book, A lume spento, as early as 1908, “Prufrock” was the first poem by either of these literary revolutionists to go beyond experiment to achieve perfection. Updates? Eliot was an American-English poet, playwright, literary critic, and editor. Ash Wednesday was not well received in an era that held that poetry, though autonomous, is strictly secular in its outlook; it was misinterpreted by some critics as an expression of personal disillusion. Bradley and T.E. The Waste Land expresses with great power the disenchantment, disillusionment, and disgust of the period after World War I. Merton Professor of English Literature, University of Oxford; Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, 1966–75. “Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. The first long poem after his conversion was Ash Wednesday (1930), a religious meditation in a style entirely different from that of any of the earlier poems. Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of Eliot’s Poetry and what it means. His experiments in diction, style, and versification revitalized English poetry, and in a series of critical essays he shattered old orthodoxies and erected new ones. http://www.postcolonialweb.org/poldiscourse/fanon/fanon3.html, Wordsworths’ Preface to Lyrical Ballad: Eliot was descended from a distinguished New England family that had relocated to St. Louis, Missouri. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Eliot used the phrase “objective correlative” in the context of his own impersonal theory of poetry; it thus had an immense influence toward correcting the vagueness of late Victorian rhetoric by insisting on a correspondence of word and object. His undergraduate poems were “literary” and conventional. Consciously intended or not, Eliot’s criticism created an atmosphere in which his own poetry could be better understood and appreciated than if it had to appear in a literary milieu dominated by the standards of the preceding age. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our. In these essays he effects a new historical perspective on the hierarchy of English poetry, putting at the top Donne and other Metaphysical poets of the 17th century and lowering poets of the 18th and 19th centuries. In 1914 Eliot met and began a close association with the American poet Ezra Pound.

The poet writing in English may therefore make his own tradition by using materials from any past period, in any language.

In his earlier poems Eliot had shown himself to be a master of the poetic phrase. LitCharts Teacher Editions. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica.

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